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The mediastinum is an area found in the midline of the thorax that is surrounded by the left and right pleural sacs. It is divided into the superior and inferior mediastinum, of which the latter is larger.
- The superior mediastinum begins at the level of the first rib and descends to the horizontal plane of the thoracic vertebra T4.
The inferior mediastinum is further divided into the anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum. .
- The anterior mediastinum is home to the thymus and anterior mediastinal lymph nodes.
- The middle mediastinum contains the pericardium, heart and great vessels, in addition to the distal trachea and both main bronchi.
- The posterior mediastinum runs from the posterior aspect of the fibrous pericardium to the vertebral column and contains the distal oesophagus and other paravertebral tissues
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Read more on the anatomy, borders and contents of the mediastinum in this article, including clinical notes on the condition, mediastitis:
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