#integrated circuit #semiconductor #chip
The integrated circuit has gone through the following process from its production to maturity: electron tube-transistor-integrated circuit-very large scale integrated circuit.

The prelude to integrated circuits is electron tubes, transistors.
The electron tube is an electronic device that generates current conduction in an airtight closed container and uses the effect of an electric field on the electron flow in a vacuum to obtain signal amplification or oscillation. Due to the large size, high power consumption, severe heat generation, short life span, low power utilization efficiency, fragile structure, and the need for high-voltage power supply, the electronic tube will soon not be suitable for development needs, and the fate of being eliminated has not been avoided.

The transistor is a solid semiconductor device that can be used for detection, rectification, amplification, switching, voltage stabilization, signal modulation, and many other functions. Transistors soon became the "ideal nerve cells" for computers, and were widely used. Although the function of the transistor is much greater than that of the electronic tube, due to the development of electronic information technology, the transistor is becoming less and less suitable for the development of science and technology, and more powerful integrated circuits have emerged.

The birth of integrated circuits
A few messy wires connect the five electronic components together to form the first integrated circuit in history. Although it does not look beautiful, it turns out that its work efficiency is much higher than using discrete components. The first integrated circuit in history came from Jack Kilby. At that time, the invention of the transistor made up for the shortcomings of the electron tube, but engineers soon encountered new problems. In order to make and use electronic circuits, engineers have to manually assemble and connect various discrete components, such as transistors, diodes, and capacitors.

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