📌𝗙𝗼𝗿 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗢𝗳 𝗧𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗦𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗺𝘆 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲:- [ Ссылка ]
📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- [ Ссылка ]
📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- [ Ссылка ]
Surgery - Burns || Burns criteria, Stages of burns, Rule of nine for burns , Burns Management
Topics To Be Covered
.....................................
A) Burns criteria,
B) Stages of burns,
C) Formulae for burns,
D) Burns management
Classifications of Burns
---------------------------------------
Burns can be classified according to their severity, depth, and size of the burn.
Classification by Depth
Superficial-thickness or first-degree burns - Superficial thickness burns are burns that affect the epidermis only and are characterised by redness, pain, dryness, and with no blisters. Mild sunburn is an example of a superficial thickness burn.
Partial-thickness or second-degree burns - These burns involve the epidermis and a portion of the dermis. Partial-thickness burns are often broken down into two types, superficial partial-thickness burns and deep partial-thickness burns.
Superficial partial-thickness burns - Partial-thickness burns involve the epidermis and part for the dermis layer of the skin. Superficial partial-thickness burns extend through the epidermis down into the papillary, or superficial, a layer of the dermis. The injured site become erythematous because the dermal tissue has become inflamed. When pressure is applied to the reddened area. The area will blanch, but will demonstrate rapid capillary refill upon release of the pressure.
Deep partial-thickness burns- These burns extend deeper into the dermis and cause damage to the hair follicle and glandular tissue. They are painful to pressure, form blisters, are wet, waxy, or dry, and may appear ivory or pearly white.
Full-thickness or third-degree burns - These burns extend through the full dermis and often affect the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Skin appearance can vary from waxy white to leathery grey to charred and black. The skin is dry and inelastic and does not blanch to pressure, it is not typically painful due to the damage to the nerve endings. The dead and the denatured skin (eschar) are removed to aid healing and scarring is usually severe. Full-thickness burns cannot heal without surgery.
Subdermal or fourth-degree burns - These involve injury to the deeper tissues, such as muscle or bone. They are often blackened and it frequently leads to loss of the burned part.
Classification by Size
----------------------------------
Burn size is determined by one of the three techniques: The Rule of Nine, The Lund-Browder Method, The Palmar Surface.
The Rule of Nine- This method is also known as the Wallace Rule of Nines because it is named after Dr Alexander Wallace the surgeon who first publish the method. The Rule of Nine is used to estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) involved in burn patients and also used to estimate fluid resuscitation required by a burns patient. The body surface estimation is by assigning percentages to different body areas
Body Part Percentage
Head and Neck 9%
Anterior Trunk 18%
Posterior Trunk 18%
Lower Extremity 18% each
Upper Extremity 9% each
Groin 1%
Burn Prevention
--------------------------
Recommendations from the World Health Organization for individuals, communities and public health officials on how to reduce burn risk.
Enclose fires and limit the height of open flames in domestic environments.
Promote safer cookstoves and less hazardous fuels, and educate regarding loose clothing.
Apply safety regulations to housing designs and materials, and encourage home inspections.
Improve the design of cookstoves, particularly about stability and prevention of access by children.
Lower the temperature in hot water taps.
Promote fire safety education and the use of smoke detectors, fire sprinklers, and fire-escape systems in homes.
Promote the introduction of and compliance with industrial safety regulations, and the use of fire-retardant fabrics for children’s sleepwear.
Avoid smoking in bed and encourage the use of child-resistant lighters.
Promote legislation mandating the production of fire-safe cigarettes.
Improve the treatment of epilepsy, particularly in developing countries.
Encourage further development of burn-care systems, including the training of health-care providers in the appropriate triage and management of people with burns.
Support the development and distribution of fire-retardant aprons to be used while cooking around an open flame or kerosene stove.
#surgeryburns #burns #surgeryvideo #surgerylectures #neetpgsyllabus #neetpg #usmlestep1 #usmle #usmlevideos #mbbs #neetpg2023 #nationalexittest #usmlepreparation #fmge #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #burnslecture #burnsvideo #burnsfmge #surgerylecture #mbbsvideos #mbbsvlogs #nationalmedicalcommission
