The five project management process groups are:

Initiating
This is where the project is first authorized and the project manager is assigned. The project scope is defined and the project stakeholders are identified.
Planning
This is where the project is thoroughly planned so the execution phase can begin. The project schedule, budget, and resources are all defined in this phase.
Executing
This is where the work of the project is actually done. The project team implements the project plan and delivers the project deliverables.
Monitoring and Controlling
This is where the project manager tracks the project's progress and makes sure it is on track. Any changes to the project plan are made in this phase.
Closing
This is where the project is officially closed. The project deliverables are accepted and the project team is disbanded.
These five process groups are typically iterative, meaning that they may overlap or be repeated as needed throughout the project lifecycle. For example, the project manager may need to go back to the planning phase if there are significant changes to the project scope or requirements.

The five process groups are an important part of project management because they provide a framework for managing projects effectively. By following these process groups, project managers can ensure that their projects are well-planned, executed, and controlled.

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