DOG VACCINES | Core and Non-Core Vaccines for Dogs | inPAWmation
Disclaimer: The following guidelines and recommendations should not be construed as dictating an exclusive protocol, course of treatment, or procedure. There are vast differences between countries and geographical regions with respect to infectious disease presence/absence or prevalence, vaccine product availability, owned versus free-roaming dog and cat populations, practice and client economics and societal attitudes. Vaccination is an important step to preventing serious diseases from affecting your furry family members. For dogs, several of the most common vaccines are typically administered together in a single shot that’s known as the “combination,” “multivalent” or “5-in-1” vaccine.
The canine 5-in-1 vaccine is considered a core vaccine, which means all dogs should receive the vaccine regardless of their lifestyle. Core vaccines tend to protect against viruses that are highly contagious, cause serious disease and have high fatality rates. The canine 5-in-1 vaccine includes protection against canine distemper virus (indicated by the letter D), two types of adenovirus (named A, A2 or H), parainfluenza (P) and parvovirus (P). These diseases are all caused by viruses with no known cure, so vaccination is the primary way to keep dogs protected. They are also highly contagious, and dogs of all ages are at risk of becoming infected.
Rabies is probably the most common core vaccine, because rabies is viewed as a serious risk. Rabies is a viral infection that mainly spreads through a bite from an infected animal. Animals who have rabies secrete large amounts of virus in their saliva, the disease is primarily passed to dogs through a bite from an infected animal.
In veterinary medicine, non-core vaccines are vaccines which could be considered optional, depending on the animal, the animal's lifestyle, and where the animal lives. This is in contrast with core vaccines, vaccines which are strongly recommended and sometimes even required by law. When discussing non-core vaccines with your vet, be sure to ask about the potential risks of the vaccines, and ask for his or her honest opinion about whether or not your pet needs them. While it can be tempting to vaccinate for everything imaginable, this is often not necessary, and it could even be potentially harmful. If your pet does receive non-core vaccines, make sure that they are noted in the immunization record, especially if your pet boards, because this information may be needed at some point.
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