HIV is a serious infection caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus that mainly targets the immune system.
Immune system is the army of our body, which provides defense against many infections and certain types of cancers.
The virus mainly targets CD4 + cells of the immune system, these include macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and T helper cells.
Infection leads to death of these cells and progressively weakens the person’s immune system, making the person susceptible to any type of infection.
HIV infection is commonly transmitted by sexual intercourse.
Both vaginal and anal intercourse can transmit the disease.
It can also be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Additional modes of transmission include, contaminated blood, blood products and organ donations.
And contaminated needles, especially in intravenous drug abuse, injections, and needle-stick injuries.
It is important to know that individuals cannot become infected through ordinary day-to-day contact such as kissing, hugging, shaking hands, or sharing personal objects, food, or water.

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