In this video I answer the common question of why we divide by n-1 when calculating variance from a sample, known as Bessel's Correction. I focus on conceptual understanding of why this adjustment is needed and why n-1 is the appropriate adjustment on average, rather than making up a population and possible samples to illustrate this. I show why x-bar (the mean of the sample) tends to underestimate the squared deviations, then provide 2 arguments for why n-1 adjusts for this; one based on degrees of freedom, and the other based on trying to estimate the average amount of bias of the sample variance.
Dividing By n-1 Explained
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statisticsstatistics for psychologywhy divide by n-1degrees of freedomwhy divide by degrees of freedomwhy x bar underestimates squared deviationssum of squared deviations underestimatebiased sample variancewhy n-1 not nwhy use n-1sample vs population variancen vs n-1why n-1n-1 conceptual explanationlogic of n-1n-1 explainedBessel's correction explainedwhy is sample variance biasedBessel's correctionbessel's correction logicdivide by n-1
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