Smaller hippocampus linked to cognitive decline
A new study shows that shrinkage in the hippocampus area of the brain is associated with cognitive decline, even in people who don't have amyloid plaques in the brain. The hippocampus plays a role in memory. In the online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
The study involved 128 people with an average age of 72 who had no thinking or memory problems at the start of the study.
The participants had several types of brain scans throughout the study to measure the amount of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in their brains, as well as the volume of the hippocampus.
The tau protein is another biomarker of Alzheimer's disease.
When researchers looked at all of the biomarkers, they found that hippocampus atrophy was associated with cognitive decline independently of amyloid and tau levels.
Hippocampus shrinkage on its own accounted for 10% of the difference in cognitive decline.
"These results emphasize that dementia is a complex condition with many underlying causes and suggest that types of dementia other than Alzheimer's disease may contribute to shrinkage in the hippocampus and cognitive decline," Hanseeuw said.
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