The Allied invasion of Italy, codenamed Operation Husky, commenced on July 9, 1943, with landings in Sicily. Spearheaded by American and British forces under General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the campaign aimed to remove Italy from the Axis powers and secure the Mediterranean. After securing Sicily, Allied forces invaded mainland Italy on September 3, 1943, at Calabria. This led to the overthrow of Mussolini and Italy's subsequent armistice on September 8. However, German forces quickly took control of the country, turning it into a battleground. The Allies faced fierce resistance, particularly at the Gustav Line and in battles such as Monte Cassino. Rome was liberated on June 4, 1944, but fighting continued until the final German surrender in Italy on May 2, 1945. The campaign significantly weakened Axis resources and opened a new front in Europe.

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