Understanding of nature of infectious disease, Improved sanitation and improve nutrition helps to reduce death rate caused by infections but,
Immunization remains the best way to prevent many infectious diseases.
Beside the immunization schedule for kids, there are several important vaccine which can be useful at any age and important to reduce mortality caused by infectious diseases.
Influenza Vaccine: Evidence suggests annual influenza vaccination is safe and effective with potential benefit in all age groups. ACIP - Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
recommends routine influenza vaccination for all persons aged 6 months and older, including all adults.
Tetanus, diphteria pertussis Vaccine - (Tdap) – is recommended for adults aged 19-64 years to replace next booster dose of tetanus and diphteria toxoids vaccine.
Hepatitis B vaccine is administered as a three dose series. It is recommended for all children .
And highest risk adults. For example health workers, drug users, diabetic patients.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particle vaccine is effective in preventing HPV infections and rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
HPV vaccination is recommended children and adults aged 9-26 years.
COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for any adult because vaccination decreases death rate.
Children ages 5 through 11 years who are moderately or severely immunocompromised should receive a total of 4 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to stay up to date.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea - Sexually active women aged 24 years or younger and older women who are at increased risk for infection should be screened for chlamydia and gonorrhea.
HIV - CDC recommends universal HIV screening of all patients aged 13–64.
To avoid Herpes Zoster infection for immune compromised patients should receive herpes zoster
subunit vaccine.
Persons traveling to countries where infections are endemic should take the precautions.
CDC has special web page where you can check what vaccines are recommended when you traveling on the specific countries.
Generally, Routine vaccines for review before travelling include:
Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis, Hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Human papillomavirus, Influenza (seasonal), Measles, mumps and rubella, Pneumococcal, Polio, Rotavirus, Tuberculosis and Varicella.
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