Why does a bottle of water break when you hit it with your hand? Because a strong blow to the bottle causes the bottle to accelerate downwards. This produces a motion that makes the liquid at the bottom of the bottle form cavitation bubbles. When liquids move from one area to another, they leave empty spaces that have low pressure. The difference in acceleration causes the least pressure to occur at the bottom of the bottle. After the blow, the pressure at the bottom of the bottle immediately returns to normal, causing the cavitation bubbles to vanish quickly. This process happens ten times faster than when it was originally formed. It is this reaction that causes the bottom of the bottle to crack and break.

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