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São José dos Campos ( Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐ̃w̃ ʒuˈzɛ dus ˈkɐ̃pus] ) is a Brazilian municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo . It is located in the Vale do Paraíba Paulista , east of the state capital . It is the seat of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba and the North Coast and occupies an area of ​​1,099.409km², of which 353.9 km² are in the urban perimeter . In 2021, its population was estimated by the IBGE at 737,310 inhabitants, [ 1 ] being the fifth most populous in São Paulo and the23rd in the whole country , in addition to being the second most populous municipality in the interior of Brazil, second only to Campinas . The municipality is integrated — together with the metropolitan regions of São Paulo , Campinas , Sorocaba and Baixada Santista — to the Expanded Metropolitan Complex , a megalopolis that exceeds thirty million inhabitants (about 75% of the population of São Paulo) and which is the first urban agglomeration of the type in the southern hemisphere . [ 5 ]

São José dos Campos was elevated to the status of village in 1767. During the 19th century, agriculture developed in the municipality, with emphasis on coffee, mainly from the 1880s onwards. strength, this being the moment that the city discovers its vocation for the area of ​​technology.

The municipality is home to important companies such as: Panasonic , Johnson & Johnson , Ericsson , Philips , Ball Corporation, General Motors (GM), Petrobras , Monsanto , Embraer (headquarters), among others. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It also has relevant teaching and research centers, such as: DCTA , INPE , Cemaden , IEAv , IAE , IFI , UNESP , ITA ,FATEC , UNIVAP , Anhanguera , IP&D and UNIFESP , being an important technopole [ 6 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] of military and metallurgical material and headquarters of the largest aerospace complex in Latin America . [ 6 ] [ 10 ] The Technological Park of São José dos Campos , the largest of its kind in the country, hosts research units for large companies, being the only city in the world with research centers for the three largest aircraft manufacturers in the world, Embraer , Boeing andAirbus . [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ]

In addition to its economic importance, it is also an important cultural center in the Paraíba Valley . The Augusto Ruschi Ecological Reserve, the São Francisco Xavier district and Banhado are large areas of environmental preservation, while the Santos Dumont Park, the City Park and the Vicentina Aranha Park are important visiting points located in the urban area , in addition to cultural projects and events carried out by the Cassiano Ricardo Cultural Foundation (FCCR), the body responsible for projecting the cultural life of Jose.

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