Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that inhibits metabolism of incretin hormones such as glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). By this action, levels of these hormones are raised to promote glucose dependent insulin release, inhibition of glucagon release, decreased hepatic glucose production, delayed gastric emptying and reduced appetite.

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