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⌚Timestamps:
00:00 - Intro
01:11 - Types of materials
01:46 - Main parts
02:57 - Connection
03:55 - Output signal
04:27 - Mounting
04:54 - Setting up
05:55 - Applications

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In this video, we will explain what a capacitive proximity sensor is and how they work.

We will also talk about some of the different types of materials these sensors can detect, explain the main parts of these sensors, talk about some of the different types of capacitive proximity sensors, and we will give some examples of how these sensors are used with automation.

A capacitive sensor is an electronic device that can detect solid or liquid targets without physical contact.

To detect these targets, capacitive sensors emit an electrical field from the sensing end of the sensor. Any target that can disrupt this electrical field can be detected by a capacitive sensor.

Some examples of the solid materials a capacitive sensor can detect are all types of metal, all types of plastic, wood, paper, glass, and cloth. Capacitive sensors can also detect liquids like water, oil, and paint.

Capacitive sensors have four main parts, the sensor’s body, the sensing face, the indicator light, and the cable or cable connection end.

1) Inside the sensor’s body is where the circuitry is that makes the sensor work.

2) The sensing face is the part of the sensor that is used to detect the targets.

3) The indicator light is on the other end of the sensor from the sensing face. This light turns on when a target is within the sensors sensing range and turns off when the target is out of sensing range.
The sensing range of a capacitive sensor is the maximum distance a target can be detected from the sensor sensing face.

4) These sensors can be purchased with a cable already attached to them or they can have a connector that the cable screws into.

In this cable, you will find four wires. The colors of these wires are brown, blue, black, and white.

1) The brown wire gets connected to twenty-four volts DC positive.

2) The blue wire gets connected to twenty-four volts DC negative.

3) The black and white wires are the sensor output wires. The black wire is the sensor’s normally open output wire.
The sensor will send out a signal on the black wire when it detects the target. The sensor stops sending this signal when it does not detect a target.

4) The white wire is the sensor’s normally closed output wire. The sensor will send out a signal on the white wire when it does not detect a target. The sensor stops sending this signal when the target is detected.

A capacitive sensor’s outputs can be a positive signal (PNP) or a negative signal (NPN). Depending on how the sensor outputs will be connected will determine what style of sensor outputs are needed.

If the capacitive sensor has an adjustable sensing range it will have an adjustment screw. Turning the screw clockwise increases the sensitivity of the sensor and turning the screw counterclockwise decreases the sensitivity of the sensor.

Some styles of capacitive sensors can be mounted by just bolting them into place. Other styles of capacitive sensors can be mounted by drilling and tapping a hole the same size as the sensor and sometimes using a bracket to mount the sensor is the best solution.

We will explain how to set up a capacitive sensor to detect water in a nonmetallic container.
When we put the empty drinking glass next to the sensor, the sensor’s indicator light turns on. This means the sensitivity of the sensor is set to high and will need to be adjusted.

To adjust the sensitivity of the sensor, turn the sensitivity adjustment screw counterclockwise until the indicator light turns off.
We will fill the drinking glass with water up to the sensor. Notice the indicator light turns on.

Capacitive sensors can be used in many ways. They can be used for part detection on workstations, conveyors, and robots. They can also be used for counting and checking liquid levels.

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