Also known as Central Asia’s holiest city, Bukhara has buildings spanning a thousand years of history, and a thoroughly lived-in, old centre that hasn’t changed too much in the last two centuries.
Maintaining the ambiance of the ancient Silk Road, the city offers over 140 historical state-protected sites, including medressas, mosques, minarets, a grand royal fortress, and remnants of its once-thriving market complex.

During the 9th and 10th centuries, Bukhara flourished as Central Asia’s religious and cultural hub, with many influential philosophers, medics, and poets such as Ibn Sina, Firdausi, and Rudaki with similar importance in the Persian world as Shakespeare has in the West. However, the city faced a period of decline in the 13th century after the invasion of Chinggis Khan. Then it fell under the shadow of Timur's Samarkand. Later on, Bukhara regained its reputation of a vital stop on the Silk Road, offering dozens of specialized bazaars and places offering stays for tired animals and travellers.
In 1918, a party of Russian emissaries was massacred in Bukhara. Bolsheviks then stormed the Ark, leading to the destruction of numerous historical buildings inside. Till then, Ark was serving as a royal enclave occupied from the 5th century. After the Bolsheviks attack, most of the Ark interior turned to ruins.
Opposite the Ark’s gate is the functioning Bolo-Hauz Mosque with stunning painted wood, carved columns and detailed ceiling.
Now, let’s explore the city center, with a stop at the famous Lyabi-Hauz plaza, meaning “around the pool”.
One of the most photographed sites is Char Minar Mosque, which bears resemblance to Indian architectural styles.
Between the bazaars lies Central Asia’s oldest surviving mosque, the Maghoki-Attar, showcasing a blend of 9th-century facade and 16th-century reconstruction. This site is the town’s most sacred spot: archaeologists discovered remnants of a pre-islamic Zoroastrian temple and even Buddhist temple beneath. Zoroastrianism, devoting fire, is one of the world's oldest religions, originating in ancient Persia.
While walking the streets of Bukhara, the towering Kalon Minaret is visible on every turn. Built by the ruler Arslan Khan in 1127, it was once the tallest structure in Central Asia. Chinggis Khan was so impressed by its architecture that he spared it from destruction while his troops tore down the rest of the town.
Facing the minaret is the Mir-i-Arab Medressa, especially lovely in the evening with its colorful lights.

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Chapters:
00:00 highspeed train (Afrasiyab)
1:00 Bukhara History
2:28 Uzbek Food
2:55 Silk Road
3:58 Bukhara Ark
5:53 Mosques
6:07 Lyabi House
7:13 Nadir Divanbegi
7:33 Char Minar
8:00 Bukhara Bazaars
8:33 Maghoki Attar
9:30 Kalon Minar


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