THE HISTORY OF JESOLO
The current territory of Jesolo was in ancient times a lagoon, within which some small islands rose. The island called Equilium by the Romans was the largest: it was initially inhabited by the Paleoveneti, famous throughout the Mediterranean basin as horse breeders; the toponym seems to refer to these noble animals. They availed themselves of the help of Rome to ward off the threat posed by the Gauls and, in exchange for protection, they allowed the Romans to settle peacefully in today's Veneto. The Romans therefore colonized these lands, building roads, bridges and villages; they arranged the arable land by proceeding with the centuriation (division into lots) and carried out the first reclamation and containment works of the waters. With the collapse of the empire, insecurity arose: the barbarian populations had long pressed the border and finally broke into the plain. The inhabitants of the cities of the nearby hinterland found a safe refuge in the lagoons: in particular, the inhabitants of Oderzo founded Eraclea on the island of Melidissa and Jesolo on the island of Equilio. Thanks to its particular position, Jesolo found itself at the center of maritime trade in the North Adriatic area: protected by the lagoon, it could develop undisturbed until it reached the dignity of a bishopric. The wars, a tragic flood of the Sile and the invasion of the Franks caused the decay of the flourishing port of Jesolo, which finally lost the rank of bishopric (early 12th century). The situation progressively degenerated and at the end of the fifteenth century Jesolo was reduced to a few semi-uninhabited farmhouses; in the fifteenth century, to remedy the lack of churches, the Venetian patrician Soranzo had a church built at his own expense and on family-owned lands, which was later dedicated to St. John the Baptist and erected as a parish. The village of Cavazuccherina was built around the new church and to facilitate the habitability of the area, the Republic of Venice carried out various reclamation interventions, mainly aimed at removing the Piave and Sile rivers. Cavazuccherina survived for a few centuries, but only managed to rise to the dignity of an autonomous municipality with the advent of Napoleon (1806). Having expelled Napoleon, the Austrians formed a consortium to encourage the improvement of the lagoon territories, now reduced to swamps: thus the Passarella Consortium was born. The annexation to the Kingdom of Italy did not improve the pre-existing situation and during the First World War Cavazuccherina was tortured and its population evacuated. Peace brought with it reconstruction; the reclamation works resumed, which were prepared by the Consorzi di Bonifica del Basso Piave. The "Great Reclamation" was carried out between 1920 and 1930: the cultivation of wheat, maize and sugar beet was introduced, to which the plantations of fruit trees and vineyards were added. In 1930 the Municipality was renamed with the ancient name of Jesolo and from 1936 the localities of Marina Bassa and Spiaggia were called Lido di Jesolo. The agricultural rebirth coincided with the "rediscovery" of Jesolo: the first establishments for heliotherapy treatments were born. The first hotels and restaurants date back to the 1930s: development came to a halt with the outbreak of the Second World War but, once peace returned, the recovery started at an ever faster pace. Today Jesolo is known as a seaside resort and for being the first Italian city for the extension of its beach (15 km). Tourists can count on a myriad of accommodation facilities that include modern hotels, tourist residences, apartments and campsites. The opportunities for recreation are numerous. Among the artistic and natural beauties there are the splendid fishing valleys, populated by rare and precious fauna, and the so-called Ancient Walls, an "obligatory" destination for those interested in art and archeology: these are the fragments pertaining to the ancient Cathedral of Santa Maria di Equilium, built in a previous early Christian building dedicated to San Mauro. The excavations carried out have brought to light fragments of floor mosaic with floral motifs, datable to the 6th-7th century.

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