What does liturgy mean in the Catholic Church?
The origin of the word liturgy is the Greek word "leitourgia," which means "work for the people." In ancient Greece, the citizens would do public service for their city. They would give back to their community. It was their duty as citizens.
leos/laos = people, public
ergo = to do
In the Catholic Church, we use the word liturgy to refer to the public prayers of the Church, especially the Mass. It includes the rites and rituals that we do together as a Church to worship God.
The Liturgy of the Hours, for example, is the public prayer of the Church that all religious and even laity can join in together at specific times of day.
We have come to use the word liturgy to especially refer to the Mass. Even within the Mass there are two parts that particularly bear this name: the Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Eucharist.
But let's go deeper. What is actually happening during Liturgy?
WHO?
Liturgy is an "action" of the whole Christ (Christus totus). Those who even now celebrate it without signs are already in the heavenly liturgy, where celebration is wholly communion and feast. (CCC, 1136)
HOW?
- Signs and Symbols
- Words and Actions
- Singing and Music
- Holy Images
WHEN?
- The Mass
- Liturgical Year, Seasons
- Liturgy of the Hours
WHERE?
- Anywhere, but especially a church with all the signs that help elevate our minds and hearts to God.
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