7th September, Black Saturday. The first day of the London Blitz. German Bombers Attack the city of London, leaving hundreds dead and thousands injured. The Air Raids continue for 57 consecutive nights and become a regular occurrence with the largest bombings on may 10/11 1941. Although London was bombed more heavily than anywhere else in britain, the blitz was an attack on the whole country. Very few areas were left untouched by air raids. In relatively small compact cities, the impact of a severe air raid could be devastating.

Anderson shelters were issued free to all householders who earned less than £250 a year, and those with higher incomes were charged £7 (The equivalent figures would be around £17,000 and £470 today.

Made from six curved sheets bolted together at the top, with steel plates at either end, and measuring 1.95m by 1.35m, the shelter could accommodate four adults and two children. The shelters were half buried in the ground with earth heaped on top. It wasn’t too difficult for individual householders to build the shelters themselves, or maybe neighbours would help each other.

The shelters were very strong, especially against a compressive force such as from a nearby bomb because of their corrugation. Anderson shelters were effective only if half buried in the ground and covered in a thick layer of earth. They were therefore inherently cold, dark and damp. In low-lying areas the shelters tended to flood, and sleeping was difficult as the shelters did not keep out the sound of the bombings. Families had to build their own bunk beds, or buy them ready made. If there was a toilet at all, it took the form of a bucket in the corner.
Although some families slept in them every night, most people were reluctant to use them except after the air raid sirens had sounded – and often not even then.

Note: (All the Historical content on my channel is created for educational purposes)
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