Xochicalco was founded by the Olmecs in the 7th century BCE, but it was during the Classic period (from 200 to 900 CE) that the site reached its peak. At this time, Xochicalco was one of the most important centers of trade and culture in the region, and it was inhabited by the Mixtecs, the Zapotecs, the Teotihuacans, and the Toltecs. The site was eventually abandoned in the 12th century CE, but it was rediscovered by Spanish explorers in the 16th century, who were amazed by its architectural beauty and intricate carvings.
One of the most impressive features of Xochicalco is its architecture, which combines elements of different Mesoamerican cultures. The site is dominated by the Pyramid of the Feathered Serpent, which was built in the 3rd century CE and features carvings of feathered serpents and other mythical creatures. The pyramid is also home to a subterranean chamber, which was used for ceremonial purposes and features intricate murals and paintings.
Another notable feature of Xochicalco is the Temple of the Plumed Conch Shell, which was built in the 6th century CE and is considered one of the most important examples of Mixtec architecture. The temple features a plumed conch shell, which was a symbol of power and authority in Mixtec culture, and is surrounded by intricate carvings and reliefs.
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