What is accelerating expansion of the universe Evidence for acceleration Physics concepts.
Accelerating Expansion of the Universe :The accelerating expansion of the universe is the observation that the universe appears to be expanding at an increasing rate,so that the velocity at which a distant galaxy is receding from the observer is continuously increasing with time.
Accelerating Expansion of the Universe: The idea was that these type 1a supernovae all have almost the same intrinsic brightness (a standard candle).
Since objects that are further away appear dimmer, we can use the observed brightness of these supernovae to measure the distance to them.
The distance can then be compared to the supernovae's cosmological redshift, which measures how fast the supernovae are receding from us.
The unexpected result was that the universe seems to be expanding at an accelerating rate.
Cosmologists at the time expected that the expansion would be decelerating due to the gravitational attraction of the matter in the universe.
Three members of these two groups have subsequently been awarded Nobel Prizes for their discovery.
Confirmatory evidence has been found in baryon acoustic oscillations and in analyses of the clustering of galaxies.
Accelerating Expansion of the Universe: The expansion of the universe is thought to have been accelerating since the universe entered its dark-energy-dominated era roughly 5 billion years ago.
Within the framework of general relativity, an accelerating expansion can be accounted for by a positive value of the cosmological constant Λ, equivalent to the presence of a positive vacuum energy, dubbed "dark energy".
While there are alternative possible explanations, the description assuming dark energy (positive Λ) is used in the current standard model of cosmology, which also includes cold dark matter (CDM) and is known as the Lambda-CDM model.
Evidence for acceleration: To learn about the rate of expansion of the universe we look at the magnitude-redshift relationship of astronomical objects using standard candles, or their distance-redshift relationship using standard rulers.
We can also look at the growth of large-scale structure, and find that the observed values of the cosmological parameters are best described by models which include an accelerating expansion.
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