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.Family Medicine EOR Urology/Renal Exam Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct (Latest 2023/ 2024 Update)
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Family Medicine EOR
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Family Medicine EOR
Family Medicine EOR Urology/Renal Exam Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct (Latest 2023/ 2024 Update) Q: What is epididymitis? Answer: Epididymal pain & swelling secondary to retrograde/reflux of urine Q: What causes epididymitis? Answer: - Males 14-35: chlamydia, gonorrhea - Men 35: enteric organisms (e. coli) Q: What are symptoms of epididymitis? Answer: Gradual onset of localized testicular pain & swelling Groin/flank/abdominal pain Fever, chills, irritative symptoms Scrotal swelling & tenderness Epididymal tenderness & induration Q: What are PE findings in epididymitis? Answer: Positive Prehn sign (relief of pain with scrotal elevation) Positive (normal) cremasteric reflex Q: How do you diagnose epididymitis? Answer: Scrotal ultrasound ** will show enlarged epididymis, increased testicular blood flow, rule out testicular torsion NAAT (r/o chlam & gon) Q: Treatment of epididymitis? Answer: Scrotal elevation, NSAIDs 35 years: ceftriaxone + doxycycline 35 years: fluoroquinolones Q: What is a nephritic syndrome? Answer: Immune mediated glomerular inflammation Proteinuria HTN Azotemia Oliguria Hematuria Abdominal/flank pain Renal biopsy Q: What is IgA nephropathy? Answer: - Most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis - Type 3 hypersensitivity - Young males - Within 48 hours of URI or GI infection - IgA immune complexes in mucosa - HTN, hematuria, azotemia, oliguria - Renal biopsy (IgA mesangial deposits) - ACE inhibitors + corticosteroids Q: What is Post-strep nephropathy? Answer: - Group A strep - Type 3 hypersensitivity - 10-14 days post infection - Impetigo, pharyngeal infection - Scanty, cola colored DARK urine - Antistreptolysin antibodies - HTN, hematuria, oliguria, azotemia - Renal biopsy (hypercellularity, increased mono/lymphocytes) - Supportive tx Q: What is lupus nephritis? Answer: - Type 3 hypersensitivity - Acute glomerulonephritis - +ANA, anti-dsDNA, Low C3 & C4 - UA (proteinuria, RBC casts) - Renal biopsy (wire loops) - Screen patients with lupus every 3 months for hematuria & proteinuria - Steroids, cyclophosphamide - Hydroxycholoroquine Q: What is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis? Answer: - type 1: anti-GMB antibodies - type 2: immune complexes (lupus, IgA, HSP) - type 3: no anti-gbm or immune complexes (Wegners, polyangiitis, Churg-strauss) - Crescent shape of glomerulus
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