Approximately 95% of congential chest wall anomalies are attributed to pectus deformities, with pectus excavatum being the most common. Pecuts Excavatum is a depression of the anterior chest wall results in a "funnel chest". While the defect involves the third to seventh costocartilages or ribs, the most severe aspect of the deformity occurs in the area of the xiphisternum. Although the deformity may be symmetrical, it is more commonly asymmetrical and may involve other aspects of the thorax. A pectus defomity may be appreciated in an infant at birth or develop it later during childhood. Several hypotheses exists regarding the underlying etiology that results in pectus excavatum. The funnel-formed chest anomaly has been attributed to a weakness and abnormal flexibility of the sternum, overgrowth of the ribs, and developmental failure of the bony thorax. Regardless of the mechanism, the result is depression and dorsal deviation of the sternum and adjacent ribs or costal cartilages of varying degrees. Although a specific genetic defect has not been identified, a genetic predisposition is supported by the presence of a positive family history in more than 40% of case
