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Chapters:
0:00 Julius Caesar’s Massacre of Celtic Gaul
1:13 Debt and Slaves
4:25 The Conquest of Gaul - An Overview
6:45 Battle of Alesia
9:15 Support this Channel

Julius Caesar’s Massacre of Celtic Gaul – The Expansion of Rome Into Modern France, Belgium

Julius Caesar’s greatest military achievement was the brutal conquest of Gaul between 58 and 50 BC, a territory which included large parts of present-day France, Belgium, Switzerland and Western Germany amongst others. Sources from the time estimating that over 1 million Celts were brutally killed by Caesar’s forces. If this is true, around a third of the population of Gaul were slaughtered, with another third potentially sold into slavery. Caesar symbolised this bloodshed with his bloodred cloak.

Many scholars today feel this body count was an exaggeration but the exact number is unknown. Regardless of the body count, this victory would in part give Caesar the military prowess and political capital to become Dictator of Rome shortly after the Gallic Wars ended. If Caesar hadn’t had conquered Gaul, and the Celtic tribes prevailed, Caesar may have become only a minor footnote in history, as so much of his later life, both good and bad, stems from this conquest.

Another motivation for Caesar was that he needed loot from conquest to pay off his debts. During a campaign in 57BC against Celtic tribes in the Belgic territory, Caesar sold an astonishing 53,000 prisoners of these tribes into slavery after defeating them in battle, and this is just one example. The scale of selling Gauls into slavery is difficult to even calculate today, with sources from the time putting the figure at around one million enslaved.

A fascinating aspect of the Conquest of Gaul was that Caesar wrote a series of commentaries on the campaign that survives today, which is incredible itself. We have a written document by one of the most famous figures in human history on his most successful military campaign. It was written by Caesar as propaganda piece for the Roman public back home, and it’s written in the third person, which is odd at first.

Incidentally, I will put an Amazon link in the description below if you want to buy the book on Amazon. Using my link helps support this channel so please check it out. I will also put some links to the camera, lenses, and equipment I am using in this video.

Gaul, according to Caesar, was comprised of three areas inhabited by the Belgae, the Aquitani, and a people who call themselves Celts, although the Romans called them Gauls. All of these had different languages, customs and laws according to Caesar, and numerous smaller tribes lived within these areas.

During the Gallic wars, Caesar also attempted to conquer Britain a few times, although he made limited progress at best. He also moved into Germania at points, with there being tension between certain Gallic and Germanic tribes in general. The lines can become quite blurry however, as there were so many tribes.

Sources:

Dan Carlin's Hardcore History 60 The Celtic Holocaust - [ Ссылка ]

Caesar (1982) - The Conquest of Gaul (Penguin)

Britannica - The first triumvirate and the conquest of Gaul [ Ссылка ]

Barry Cunliffe (2018) The Ancient Celts – Oxford University Press

Battle of Alesia [ Ссылка ]
Gallic Wars [ Ссылка ]

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