Learn to grow cauliflower with the complete guide to growing cauliflower at home!

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Cauliflower are typically started indoors from seed, about 4- 6 weeks before your desired transplant date. This can be as early as 2-6 weeks before your last spring frost date or 6-8 weeks before your first fall frost date. Cauliflower grows best with consistently cool temperatures of the spring & fall in most growing regions. Optimal growing temperatures are in the 60s, no higher than 75F. Temperatures which are too hot or too cold may cause bolting or premature heading. Cauliflower is the most easily stressed member of the brassica family- drastic changes in temperature, moisture and nutrients can cause plants to develop premature heads or bolt. Cauliflower is also easily stressed by insect pressure. If growing in areas where temperature frequently and drastically fluctuates, protect plants with frost cloth or cloches. Extreme cold can halt growth or kill plants.
To start cauliflower indoors, sow seeds ¼” deep in seed-starting media, moisten media and keep evenly moist as seedlings are growing. Seeds should germinate in 5-7 days at temps of around 70-75F.
Begin fertilizing seedlings once they have their second set of true leaves. Seedlings can be transplanted after they are about 4-6” tall with 2-4 sets of leaves.
Harden off your seedlings before transplanting- hardening off is a process of slowly acclimating tender seedlings to outdoor conditions. Bring seedling flats outdoors and place in a protected spot, gradually increasing the time seedlings spend outdoors over the course of several days to a week.
When transplanting seedlings, space them 18-24” and space rows 30” apart
Cauliflower grows best in full sun and in fertile, well-drained soil. Cauliflower is a heavy feeder-- for best results, work compost or aged manure into the soil before planting. Feed with a balanced, slow release fertilizer when transplanting and then again when small heads begin to form.
Once planted, give your seedlings a generous drink of water and provide with consistent, plentiful moisture as they grow- 2” of water per week is ideal.
Some varieties of cauliflower will require blanching to maintain head quality and color. Blanching is tying the outer leaves together with a rubber band or twine to keep the heads protected from sunlight. You can also choose self-blanching types which have leaves that curl up around the heads naturally.
Cauliflower is ready to harvest 50-100 days after transplanting, depending on the variety you are growing. Harvest when heads are compact and firm before curds start to open up. Heads will typically be 6-8” in diameter. Cut heads from the base of the plant with a sharp knife and enjoy!

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