#drnajeeb #pharmacology #aminoglycosides #antibiotics

Aminoglycosides | Clinical Uses and Adverse effects

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▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬

00:00:00 Aminoglycosides are Toxic drugs to be used cautiously

00:00:26 Major toxicities of Aminoglycoside

00:03:32 Adverse affect :Ototoxicity

00:05:19 Adverse affect :Nephrotoxicity

00:07:37 Adverse affect :Paralysis

00:08:30 Avoid in Pregnant women

00:09:33 Topical administration is safer

00:10:43 High dose extended interval regimen

00:11:48 Adverse affect of Nephrotoxicity is reversible while ototoxicity is irreversible

00:13:06 synergictic use of Aminoglycosides and its advantages

00:13:55 Clinical uses of Aminoglycosides

00:14:58 Aminoglycoside use in neonatal meningitis and sepsis.

00:16:35 Aminoglycoside use in pulmonary infections including pneumonia and abscess

00:17:25 Difference between nectrotizing pneumonia and pulmonary abscess .

00:18:50 Cystic fibrosis infections involve pseudomanas aeroginosa organism

00:20:49 Aminoglycoside use in infective endocarditis

00:25:00 List of infections above the diaphragm for which Aminoglycosides are used.

00:25:30- Use of Aminoglycosides for prophylaxis and infections below diaphragm.

00:26:40 Neomycin use in hepatic encephalopathy

00:29:05 Review of clinical uses of aminoglycoside.

00:30:02 Use in Bone and joint conditions

00:30:40 Use in skin and soft tissue infections

00:31:35 Aminoglycoside only used as monotherapy

The aminoglycoside class of antibiotics consists of many different agents. In the United States, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, plazomicin, streptomycin, neomycin, and paromomycin are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are available for clinical use. Of these, gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin are the most frequently prescribed by intramuscular or intravenous injection for systemic treatment.

The most common clinical application (either alone or as part of combination therapy) of the aminoglycosides is for the treatment of serious infections caused by aerobic gram-negative bacilli. While less common, aminoglycosides (in combination with other agents) have also been used for the treatment of select gram-positive infections. In addition, certain aminoglycosides have demonstrated clinically relevant activity against protozoa (paromomycin), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (spectinomycin, not available in the United States), and mycobacterial infections (tobramycin, streptomycin, and [most commonly] amikacin).

This topic will review basic issues related to the clinical use of parenteral aminoglycosides, including mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, and adverse effects. Dosing and monitoring of aminoglycosides and administration in certain patient populations are discussed elsewhere. 


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