1209-1860: How were the Occitan principalities gradually annexed by France?
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Timeline of French conquest:
1209: Beginning of the Albigensian Crusade
1212-1213: Beginning of the conquest of Auvergne
September 12, 1213: Battle of Muret, death of King Peter II of Aragon
1226: Annexation of the fiefs of the house of Trencavel, viscounty of Albi and Béziers
1246: Beatrice countess of Provence marries the Capetian Charles I of Anjou
1258: Attachment to France of the Aragonese fiefs of Gévaudan and Millau
1244: Surrender of Montsegur Castle
1271: Annexation of the county of Toulouse to the royal domain of France
1349: James III, Catalan king of Majorca, sells the city of Montpellier to France.
1453: End of the Hundred Years War, France is now sovereign of the Duchy of Aquitaine
1454, then 1498: incorporation into the French crown of the county of Comminges
1481: Death of Charles V of Anjou, Provence is annexed in 1482 to the kingdom of France
August 2, 1589: Henry of Navarre becomes King of France
1620: King Louis XIII acts to unification of the kingdoms of France and Navarre, including the former principality of Béarn with the county of Foix, and even the county of Armagnac.
September 14, 1791: incorporation into the French Empire of the Comtat Venaissin
1860: Annexation of the County of Nice to the Second French Empire
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