The Sumerian gods were central to one of the world's earliest civilizations, flourishing in Mesopotamia around 4500 BCE. Anu was the sky god, ruler of all gods. Enlil, god of air and storms, separated heaven and earth. Enki, god of water and wisdom, created humanity and shared knowledge. Inanna, goddess of love and war, had a dramatic descent into the underworld. Utu, the sun god, brought justice, while Nanna, the moon god, governed time. These deities interacted with humans and each other, influencing every aspect of Sumerian life and culture, from agriculture to politics, through myths and rituals that underscored the harmony and conflict between divine forces and humanity.

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