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MACERATION
In this method of extraction the crushed or powdered crude drug is soaked in the suitable solvent The extraction time can vary from several minutes up to weeks with occasional shaking or stirring at room temperature.
Types of Maceration
1. Simple maceration
2. Double maceration
3. Triple maceration.
In the case of double and triple maceration, the menstruum is equally divided in to two or three parts respectively and used. The purpose is to get more extractive value.
This process is normally used for the preparation of tinctures or extracts and menstruum is usually alcoholic, hydroalcoholic in case of tincture, or may be aqueous. The type of drugs to be extracted by maceration is either organized drugs or unorganized drugs (gum, resin, gum-resin, oleo-gum-resin).
Examples: Tincture of Benzoin, tolu, myrrh, etc.
As per IP 1966, maceration is the consist of the following process
1. Place the solid material with the whole of the menstruum in a closed vessel
2. Allowed to stand for seven days, shaking occasionally
3. The mixture is strained, and the marc is pressed
4. Mixing the liquid obtained
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