A patent is an exclusive right granted to the owner of an invention by the government that prevents others from making, using, importing or selling the invention without his permission. Patent rights are territorial in nature which means you can protect your invention in the geography where you filed the patent application. You can also obtain international patent protection by directly filing a patent application in the country where you wish to get a patent.

Patents generally are of 3 types:

1. Utility patent – It is a patent which cover anyone who invents a new and useful process, machine, article of manufacture or a composition of matter.

2. Design patent – it includes an original and ornamental design for a manufactured product.

3. Plant patent – It is a patent related to a kind of plant which is capable of reproduction.

A patent application is usually consists of 4 main parts:

1. Specification – it is the detailed description of an invention.
2. Abstract – it is the concise summary of an invention.
3. Drawings – these are images which show how the invention works.
4. Claims – it is the part of the application which defines the scope of the invention.

For an invention to be patentable, it must satisfy three key criteria:

1. New – The invention should not be publicly known in any way, anywhere in the world.
2. Industrial application – The invention must be useful and have some form of practical application. It should be capable of being made and used in an industry.
3. Inventive step – The invention must be an improvement over any existing product or process that is already available.

Once a patent is granted, it is valid for 20 years from the date of filing, subject to the payment of annual renewal fees.

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