Switched-mode power supply (SMPS) is becoming more common and, in most cases, replaces the traditional theoretical linear AC-DC power supply due to reduced power consumption, reduced heat dissipation, and reduced size and weight. Switched-mode power supplies are now available in most PCs, power amplifiers, televisions, DC motor drives, etc., and switched-mode power supplies are becoming more mature, so almost anything that requires a highly efficient power supply is using SMPS.

By definition, an SMPS is a type of power supply that uses semiconductor switching technology instead of the standard linear method to supply the required output voltage. A basic switching converter consists of a power switching phase and a control circuit. The power switching stage circuit performs a power conversion from input voltage Vin to output voltage Vout with output filtering.

The main advantage of switched-mode power supplies is that they are standard linear regulators used by switch transistors or power MOSFET. This reduces the cost of electricity. This means that when the switching transistor is fully turned on and the current flows, the voltage drop is minimized when the transistor is completely turned off. Therefore, the transistor acts as a standard switch.

The result is an input voltage negate that uses one or more switched-mode power supplies, phase down, phase up, and three basic switched-mode circuits, that is, buck, boost, and buck–boost topologies in contrast to linear regulators that only provide phasedown voltage regulation. It shows how transistor switches, inductors, and smoothing capacitors are connected to the basic circuit. The AC input supply signal is transmitted directly to the rectifier and filter circuit combination without the use of a 60 Hz transformer. There are many variations on this output, and it is necessary to increase the capacitance value of the capacitor to handle the input variation. These irregular DC are given to the central switching part of the SMPS.

High-speed switching devices such as power transistors and MOSFETs are employed in this section, which can be turned on and off according to the variety, and this output is provided to the primary side of the transformer in this section. The transformer used here is very small and lightweight, in contrast to the device used to supply 60 Hz. These are so efficient that they have a high energy conversion rate. The output signal from the switching section is corrected and filtered again to obtain the required DC voltage. It is a controlled output voltage that is fed to the control circuit; it is the feedback circuit. The final output is obtained after considering the response signal. The output sensor senses the signal and connects it to the control unit. The signal is separated from the second section, so sudden spikes do not affect the circuit. The reference voltage is provided to the error amplifier as the input of the signal, which compares the signal to the required signal level. The final voltage level is maintained by controlling the chopping frequency. This error is controlled by comparing the inputs provided to the amplifier. The output of the amplifier helps you decide whether to cut or increase or decrease the frequency. The PWM oscillator produces a standard PWM wave constant frequency.

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Resources used in this video:

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Learning Ebooks & Reference:

SMPS Topology:
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Power Supply Topology [Texas Instruments]
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SMPS PWM:
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SMPS Repair Guide:
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Video Summary:

0:00 Intro
0:18 What is Switch Mode Power Supply?
0:43 SMPS types and Topology
1:05 SMPS Conversion
1:33 SMPS Block Diagram
1:38 EMI Filter
2:40 Bridge Type Rectifier Diode
2:58 Main Filter Capacitor
3:14 Switch (Transistor)
4:13 Chopper Transformer
4:48 PWM Driver
5:43 Why some SMPS has no Transistor and Feed directly to PWM Driver?
6:23 The Start-up Voltage
7:12 Running Voltage (Run-DC- Circuit)
8:00 The Feedback
8:40 Why SMPS Convert High Frequency AC to High Frequency DC?


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