US Hypersonic Weapons program

US has been developing Hypersonic missile capability in response to the growing Hypersonic missile arsenals in Chinese armed forces. The hypersonic speed and manoeuvrable flight path makes the detection & interception of hypersonic missiles nearly impossible by current air defence systems. US is working on both types of hypersonic missiles i.e. Hypersonic glide missile & Hypersonic cruise missile powered by a scramjet engine.

Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon (ARRW)
The AGM-183 ARRW (“Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon”) is a hypersonic air-to-ground missile being developed by Lockheed Martin for the United States Air Force. It is going to be a hypersonic boost-glide vehicle planned to achieve speed in excess of Mach 5.

On 9th December 2022, the U.S. Air Force and Lockheed Martin have successfully conducted the first all-up round test of the AGM-183A Air-launched Rapid Response Weapon (ARRW) from the service’s B-52H Bomber off the coast of Southern California. As per reports, a B-52 bomber launched the ARRW, which safely separated from the aircraft & reached hypersonic speeds greater than Mach 5 & completed its flight path and detonated in the terminal area meeting all its test objectives.

The successful all-up-round test in its final, fully-assembled form — is a massive milestone for the ARRW program and could pave the way for ARRW to enter into production by the fiscal year 2024. The Lockheed Martin aims to achieve the Early Operational Capability (EOC) for the missile in 2023.

Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept(HAWC)

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US’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is working on developing HAWC program or the Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept which will use an air-breathing scramjet engine to reach the hypersonic speed. The latest & 3rd test of this missile was conducted on On 18 July, 2022. In the test conducted the the missile was able to fly at a speed of Mach 5 (6,100 km/h; 3,800 mph) at the altitude of more than 60,000 ft (18 km; 11 mi) for more than 300 nautical miles (560 km; 350 mi). The HAWC missile tested was built by Raytheon Technologies built & scramjet engine was developed by Northrop Grumman.

 On 5th of April DARPA has reported to complete a free flight test of the Lockheed Martin version of the Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept (HAWC) as well. The vehicle, after release from a carrier aircraft, was boosted to its Aerojet Rocketdyne scramjet engine ignition envelope. From there, it quickly accelerated to and maintained cruise faster than Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound) for an extended period of time. The vehicle reached altitudes greater than 65,000 feet or 19.8km and flew for more than 300 nautical miles or 555.6km. This was the second successful flight in DARPA’s HAWC program.
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