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Inflammation or irritation of the bursa causes a condition known as Bursitis. The bursa contains lubricating fluid in a sac-like structure, located between tissues such as bone, muscle, tendons, and skin that decreases rubbing, friction, and irritation.

Repetitive, minor impacts on a joint, or sudden, serious joint injuries can cause Bursitis. Age also plays a role. As tendons age they tolerate less stress, lose elasticity, and tear easier.

Overuse or injury to the joint at work or play can also increase a person’s risk of bursitis. Examples of high-risk activities include gardening, raking, carpentry, shoveling, painting, scrubbing, tennis, golf, skiing, throwing, and pitching. Incorrect posture at work or home and poor stretching or conditioning before exercise can also lead to bursitis.

An abnormal or poorly placed bone or joint can put added stress on a bursa sac, causing bursitis. Stress or inflammation from other conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, thyroid disorders, or unusual medication reactions may also increase a person’s risk. In addition, an infection can occasionally lead to inflammation of a bursa.

Pain remains the most common symptom of bursitis. The pain may build up gradually or sudden and severely, especially if the joints contain calcium deposits.

Loss of motion in the shoulder — called “adhesive capsulitis” or frozen shoulder — can also herald a case of bursitis.

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