Episode #2
The History of Haiti: Resistance
by Mikelson Toussaint-Fils

On December 6, 1492, Christopher Columbus landed at Môle-Saint-Nicolas and met the peaceful and curious Tainos natives. The island of Hispaniola is divided into five caciquats, each headed by a cacique. On the night of December 24-25, 1492, the Santa María ran aground and Guacanagaríx helped Columbus establish the colony of La Navidad. Columbus continues his exploration, meets resistant Ciguayos and names a bay the Golfo de Las Flechas, before returning to Spain. The colony of La Navidad deteriorated rapidly due to tensions with the Taínos, exploitation of the local population and internal conflicts among the Spanish settlers.
Caonabo, a Taïno cacique, orchestrated the attack on the settlement of La Navidad, destroying the establishment and killing the 39 men left behind. When Columbus returns to Spain, he is celebrated for his discoveries and a second voyage is funded to establish a permanent presence in the New World. La Isabela, founded on the second voyage, faces many challenges as the Taino resistance, led by Caonabo and other caciques, intensifies against Spanish colonization.
On his 3rd voyage, Columbus found the colonists in rebellion and asked for help from the Court of Spain, which sent Francisco de Bobadilla to investigate. Under the governorship of Nicolás de Ovando, the administration of Hispaniola was restructured and relations with the Taïnos deteriorated, especially with Anacaona, cacica of Xaragua. With the Taino population dwindling, the Spaniards looked to Africa for an alternative workforce.

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