In the late 1940s, the Soviets started developing a 57 mm anti-aircraft gun to replace their 37 mm M1939 guns. Three models were presented, and V. G. Grabin made the winning design. According to Western intelligence sources, the German prototype gun 5.5 cm Gerät 58 formed the basis for the design. The Soviets were also able to study earlier German 5 cm FlaK 41 guns that had been captured following the Battle of Stalingrad.
After some minor modifications, the prototype passed the field tests in 1946 and was accepted into service in 1950. The anti-aircraft gun was given the name 57 mm AZP S-60. Grabin continued the development and fielded the SPAAG version ZSU-57-2 in 1955.

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