"Norma Basalis" | Three parts divisions | Foramina | Bones Forming | Attachments | Dr. Saqib: Describes bony features and attachments of inferior aspect of cranium. This view is called Norma Basalis, or Cranial Base.
The Anatomy of norma basis is described by dividing it by two imaginary lines into three parts, anterior, middle and posterior parts of norma basalis.
All foramina in Norma Basalis are shown with a detail of structures passing through them. The most important feature in cranial base is Foramen Magnum. A detail of structures passing through it is given using a diagram. Contributions of various bones is shown like occipital, temporal, sphenoid, palatine, maxilla, and vomer. Parts of occipital bone described ie, squamous, and basioccipit. Parts of Sphenoid bone are also described, ie, body, greater wing and lesser wing of sphenoid. Pterygoid process consisting of medial pterygoid plate and lateral pterygoid plate shown.
Formation of hard palate shown.
Styloid Process of temporal bone, Spine of Sphenoid and mandibular foramen of temporal bone shown and discussed.
All other foramina in the cranial base are discussed in detail, with structures passing through each. Foramen lacerum, Carotid Canal, Stylomastoid Foramen, Foramen ovale, and Foramen Spinosum shown.
Muscle attachments to Norma Basalis are also shown using pictures.
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Norma Basalis
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Dr. SaqibLearning AnatomyNorma BasalisCranial Baseanterior middle and posterior parts of norma basalisBones forming norma basalisMuscle attachments to norma basalisStructures passing through foramina of norma basalisvomer bonehard palatepterygoid platepterygoid processMandibular fossaBasioccipitForamen magnumStrutures passing through foramen magnumstylomastoid foramenForamen lacerumForamina of norma basalisforamen ovaleforamen spinosum