Links :

Who Killed Qaid , Fatima Jinnah & Liaqat Ali khan ?

[ Ссылка ]

Jinnah’s Last Gamble

Part 1 : [ Ссылка ]
Part 2 : [ Ссылка ]
Part 3: [ Ссылка ]

History Of Pakistan Army


P1- Secret Untold History of PakIstan Army - A $200 Bn Company
[ Ссылка ]

Pt-2 Secret Reality of Pak Army’s Inferiority complexes against Indian Army | Podcast on History
[ Ссылка ]

Pt 3- 1948 When India crushed Pakistan | Secret History of shameful acts & Defeat | History Podcast

[ Ссылка ]

Business Of Pakistan Army

100x bigger than Pablo Escobar | Is Pak Army #1 Secret Drug Cartel in the world ? | History Podcast

[ Ссылка ]

Title: The India-Pakistan War of 1965: Background, Conflict, and Aftermath
Introduction:
The India-Pakistan War of 1965 was a significant armed conflict between the neighboring nations of India and Pakistan. Stemming from long-standing political and territorial disputes, the war had profound implications for both countries. This essay aims to provide an overview of the background leading to the conflict, the events during the war, and the consequences that followed.
Background:
India and Pakistan gained independence from British colonial rule in 1947, but the partition of British India resulted in the creation of two separate nations along religious lines: India with a Hindu majority and Pakistan with a Muslim majority. However, the partition left behind several contentious issues, including the unresolved status of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.
The dispute over Jammu and Kashmir became a focal point of tension between India and Pakistan. The region's ruler, Maharaja Hari Singh, initially opted for independence but eventually acceded to India, leading to a military conflict between the two countries in 1947-48. The conflict ended with a United Nations-mediated ceasefire, leaving Pakistan in control of a part of the region (known as Azad Kashmir), while India retained the majority.
The War of 1965:
The 1965 war was triggered by a series of skirmishes and infiltrations across the Line of Control (LoC) in the disputed region of Jammu and Kashmir. The Pakistani military, supporting local insurgents, attempted to infiltrate Indian-controlled territory. India responded with air strikes and launched a full-scale military offensive against Pakistan.
The war witnessed intense battles along the western front, with major operations taking place in the regions of Punjab, Rajasthan, and Kashmir. India's strategy involved large-scale tank battles, while Pakistan relied on guerrilla tactics and a defensive approach. Both sides suffered heavy casualties and significant territorial gains and losses.
Notably, the Indian Air Force (IAF) played a crucial role in the war. Operation Grand Slam, a Pakistani offensive to capture the vital town of Akhnoor, was thwarted by the IAF's airstrikes on Pakistani positions. Meanwhile, the IAF's Hawker Hunter jets engaged in dogfights with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), resulting in several aerial victories for both sides.
The war witnessed several iconic battles, including the Battle of Asal Uttar, where the Indian Army halted the Pakistani advance into Punjab. Despite Pakistan's initial gains, India successfully repelled the offensives and managed to stabilize the front lines.
International Reaction and Ceasefire:
The international community expressed concern over the escalating conflict between India and Pakistan. Various countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, called for a peaceful resolution and an immediate ceasefire. The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution urging both sides to halt hostilities and find a peaceful settlement.
Under international pressure, a ceasefire was eventually brokered on September 23, 1965. The Tashkent Declaration, signed on January 10, 1966, between Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri and Pakistani President Ayub Khan, marked the official end of the war. The agreement reaffirmed the sanctity of the ceasefire line (renamed Line of Control), established a commission to resolve disputes, and laid the foundation for peaceful coexistence between the two nations.
Aftermath:
The India-Pakistan War of 1965 had significant consequences for both countries. While the war did not result in any significant territorial changes, it had a lasting impact on the region's geopolitical dynamics.
Firstly, the war highlighted the need for both India and Pakistan to address their core issues through diplomatic means. The Tashkent Declaration emphasized the importance of negotiations and peaceful resolution, setting a precedent for future dialogues between the two

свернуть