Jaundice
• Jaundice is also known as (पीलिया) in Hindi.
• Jaundice is a condition in which a yellowish tinge appears on the skin, mucous membranes, and the whites of the eye. Body fluids may also change color. The yellow color comes from bilirubin, a byproduct of old red blood cells. Jaundice is a sign of other diseases.
• Jaundice frequently indicates a problem with the liver or bile ducts. When the liver is not working properly, it can cause a waste material called bilirubin to build up in the blood.
• Jaundice is often a sign of a problem with the liver, gallbladder, or pancreas. Jaundice can occur when too much bilirubin builds up in the body. This may happen when:
• There are too many red blood cells dying or breaking down and going to the liver.
• The liver is overloaded or damaged.
• The bilirubin from the liver is not able to properly move into the digestive tract.
• Diet should include: Drink at least eight glasses of fluids per day. Water and herbal tea are excellent options.
• Consider adding milk thistle to your routine. You can prepare a fresh tea or eat the seeds as a snack.
• Opt for fruits like papaya and mango, which are rich in digestive enzymes.
• Eat at least 1/2 cups of veggies and 2 cups of fruit per day.
• Look for high-fiber foods, such as oatmeal, berries, and almonds.
• Diet should exclude: Alcohol can cause additional damage to your liver, so it’s best to avoid it completely.
• Opt for lean proteins, such as fish, which are less likely to contribute to liver damage.
• Saturated fats, like those found in meat, are also harder for your liver to process.
• Refined sugar can cause fat buildup in your liver, so opt for foods containing natural sugars. Use agave as a sweetener and look to fruits to satisfy your sweet tooth.
• Reduce your sodium intake by avoiding canned and processed foods.
Conditions that can cause jaundice include:
Infections of the liver from a virus (hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E) or a parasite.
Use of certain drugs (such as an overdose of acetaminophen) or exposure to poisons.
Birth defects or disorders present since birth that makes it hard for the body to breakdown bilirubin (such as Gilbert syndrome, Dubin-Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome, or Crigler-Najjar syndrome)
Chronic liver disease
Gallstones or gallbladder disorders causing blockage of the bile duct
Blood disorders.
Cancer of the pancreas.
Bile buildup in the gallbladder because of pressure in the belly area during pregnancy (jaundice of pregnancy).
Why do adults get it?
• Jaundice happens when there’s too much bilirubin, a yellow-orange substance, in your blood. It’s found in your red blood cells. When those cells die, the liver filters it from the bloodstream. But if something’s wrong and your liver can’t keep up, bilirubin builds up and can cause your skin to look yellow.
How Is It Diagnosed?
• Your doctor will give you a bilirubin test, which measures the amount of the substance in your blood, a complete blood count (CBC) and other liver tests. If you have jaundice, your level of bilirubin will be high.
Signs and Symptoms of Jaundice:
Infants:
• Very yellow or orange skin color
• Extreme fussiness
• Difficulty waking up
• Not sleeping
• Poor feeding
• Limited wet or dirty diapers
• Inconsolable or high-pitched crying
• Stiff, limp, or floppy body
• Unusual eye movements
Adults:
• Change in skin color
• Flu-like symptoms, like fever and chills
• Dark urine
• Clay-colored stool
• Itchy skin
• Weight loss
• Blood in vomit or stools
• Extreme abdominal pain and tenderness
• Sudden drowsiness, agitation, or confusion
• Easy bruising or bleeding, sometimes causing a rash of tiny reddish-purple dots.
• Jaundice may be faintly visible in people whose bilirubin levels are between 2 and 3 mg/dL (34 to 51 micromole/L). A bilirubin level of 20 mg/dL (342 micromole/L) can make the skin bright yellow, like a lemon.
Duration of Jaundice
• It’s fairly common for jaundice to last about one month in breastfed babies. For formula-fed infants, jaundice usually subsides by two weeks
• In adults, the duration of your jaundice will depend on the underlying cause and will vary from short term to unresolvable. For example: If your jaundice has been triggered by an infection, your symptoms will likely get better when your infection clears up.
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