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Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co. | 497 U.S. 1 (1990)
If defamation is defined as a false statement about a person, can an opinion ever constitute defamation? The United States Supreme Court considered that question in Milkovich versus Lorain Journal Company.
A brawl broke out during a wrestling match between Maple Heights High School and Mentor High School. Maple Heights head coach Michael Milkovich allegedly egged on the crowd against the referee and the Mentor team before things turned violent. During a subsequent investigation, Milkovich allegedly blamed Mentor for the altercation. The state high school athletic association disqualified Maple Heights from that year’s state tournament and placed Milkovich and the team on probation. Team members challenged the suspension in court. Milkovich and school superintendent Donald Scott testified under oath, after which the court overturned the disqualification and probation.
Theodore Diadiun, a columnist for the Lake County News-Herald, wrote an editorial strongly suggesting that Milkovich lied both at the association hearing and in the court proceedings. In pertinent part, he wrote, quote, “Anyone who attended the meet knows in his heart that Milkovich and Scott lied at the hearing. But they got away with it,” unquote.
Milkovich sued the News-Herald’s corporate owner for defamation. The state trial court granted the newspaper summary judgment, ruling that Diadiun’s column constituted an opinion that couldn’t form the basis of a defamation claim. After the state court of appeals affirmed and the state supreme court dismissed Milkovich’s appeal, the United States Supreme Court granted cert.
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