First uploaded on Aug 10, 2019 by DaDevils Hub
The Mau Mau Uprising (1952–1960), also known as the Mau Mau Rebellion, the Kenya Emergency, and the Mau Mau Revolt, was a war in the British Kenya Colony (1920–1963) between the Kenya Land and Freedom Army (KLFA), also known as Mau Mau, and the British colonists.[5]
Dominated by the Kikuyu people, Meru people and Embu people, the KLFA also comprised units of Kamba and Maasai peoples who fought against the white European colonist-settlers in Kenya, the British Army, and the local Kenya Regiment (British colonists, local auxiliary militia, and pro–British Kikuyu people).[6][7]
The capture of rebel leader, Field Marshal Dedan Kimathi, on 21 October 1956, signalled the defeat of the Mau Mau,[8] however, the rebellion survived until after Kenya's independence from Britain, driven mainly by the Meru units led by Field Marshal Musa Mwariama and General Baimungi. Baimuingi, one of the last Mau Mau generals, was killed shortly after Kenya attained self-rule.[9]
The KLFA failed to capture widespread public support.[10] Frank Füredi, in 'The Mau Mau War in Perspective' suggests this was due to a British policy of divide and rule[11] but fails to cite any contemporary British government documents which support this assertion. The Mau Mau movement remained internally divided, despite attempts to unify the factions. The British, meanwhile, applied the strategy and tactics they developed in suppressing the Malayan Emergency (1948–60).[12] The Mau Mau Uprising created a rift between the European colonial community in Kenya and the metropole,[13] and also resulted in violent divisions within the Kikuyu community.[14][15] Suppressing the Mau Mau Uprising in the Kenyan colony cost Britain £55 million[16] and caused at least 11,000 deaths among the Mau Mau and other forces, with some estimates an order of magnitude higher.[17] This included 1,090 executions at the end of the war, the largest wartime use of capital punishment by the British Empire.
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