The operation of telerobotic systems can be a challenging task, requiring
intuitive and efficient interfaces to enable inexperienced
users to attain a high level of proficiency. Body-Machine Interfaces
(BoMI) represent a promising alternative to standard control devices,
such as joysticks, because they leverage intuitive body motion and
gestures. It has been shown that the use of Virtual Reality (VR) and
first-person view perspectives can increase the user’s sense of presence
in avatars. However, it is unclear if these beneficial effects occur
also in the teleoperation of non-anthropomorphic robots that display
motion patterns different from those of humans. Here we describe
experimental results on teleoperation of a non-anthropomorphic
drone showing that VR correlates with a higher sense of spatial
presence, whereas viewpoints moving coherently with the robot are
associated with a higher sense of embodiment. Furthermore, the
experimental results show that spontaneous body motion patterns
are affected by VR and viewpoint conditions in terms of variability ,
amplitude, and robot correlates, suggesting that the design of BoMIs for drone teleoperation must take into account the use of Virtual
Reality and the choice of the viewpoint.
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