The general function of the lower trapezius is upward rotation, externally rotation and posteriorly tilt of the scapula during arm elevation. In other words, these actions provide stability and optimum placement of the shoulder blade for the scapular and rotator cuff musculature to work most efficiently. An important role of the lower trapezius is to increase subacromial space (the space b/w the top of your arm bone & bottom outer edge of the collar bone) by working together w/ the serratus anterior and upper trapezius to rotate the scapula up & pin the bottom portion of the scapula down to upper back. These muscle functions are important & have shown to subacromial impingement risk during arm elevation. (1,2).
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A common injury overhead athlete endure is subacromial impingement. Individuals w/ this pathology often present w/ increased scapular upward rotation, scapular internal rotation & anterior tilt (aka scapular winging), resulting in decreased subacromial space width, vs those w/out impingement (1,3,4). It has been demonstrated that optimal scapular stability increases rotator cuff activation and force production by 24%, deeming scapular mechanics/strength imperative for shoulder prehabilitation (1,5,6).
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The lower trapezius tends to have the lowest trapezius muscle activity from shoulder height & below & then increase exponentially from shoulder height & above (7). Ekstrom et al reported high muscle activity of the lower trapezius during the prone full can exercise (demonstrated in the video) (8). Many clinicians advocate to perform this exercise in line with lower trap muscle fiber which occurs at approximately 120° of arm elevation, but may fluctuate depending individual body type (1).
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Prone Full Can Exercise
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General Parameters:
✅Maintain arm position in line with lower trap muscle (approximately 120° of arm elevation)
✅Feel muscle work at lower portion of shoulder blade
✅Do not shrug shoulder during arm lifts
✅Perform 3 sets of 15-20 reps, 3-5 second holds, 30 second break b/w sets
✅Isometric option: 3-4 sets of 10-15 second holds
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Regression: Elbow Bent
-decreases lever arm of this decreasing demand.
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Regression: Isometric Holds
Delete CommenttennisprehablabCitations:
1)Reinold, M. M., Escamilla, R., & Wilk, K. E. (2009). Current concepts in the scientific and clinical rationale behind exercises for glenohumeral and scapulothoracic musculature. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 39(2), 105-117.
2)Graichen H, Bonel H, Stammberger T, Englmeier KH, Reiser M, Eckstein F. Subacromial space width changes during abduction and rotation- -a 3-D MR imaging study. Surg Radiol Anat. 1999;21:59-64.)
3)Graichen H, Bonel H, Stammberger T, et al. Three- dimensional analysis of the width of the subacro- mial space in healthy subjects and patients with impingement syndrome. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999;172:1081-1086.
4)Ludewig PM, Cook TM. Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement. Phys Ther. 2000;80:276-291.
5)Kebatse M, McClure P, Pratt N. Thoracic position effect on shoulder range of motion, strength, and 3-D scapular kinemat- ics. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1999; 80: 945-50
6)Kibler WB, Sciascia A, Dome DC. Evaluation of apparent and absolute supraspinatus strength in patients with shoulder injury using the scapular retraction test. Am J Sports Med. In press
7)Ekstrom RA, Donatelli RA, Soderberg GL. Surface electromyographic analysis of exercises for the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003;33:247-258.

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