A spontaneous pneumothorax is the sudden onset of a collapsed lung without any apparent cause, such as a traumatic injury to the chest or a known lung disease. A collapsed lung is caused by the collection of air in the space around the lungs.
Spontaneous pneumothorax can be also further classified as
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax when there is no any clinically underlying lung disease or
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax when it happens as a complication of an underlying lung disease.
A recurrent pneumothorax is a second episode of spontaneous pneumothorax that can either be ipsilateral (on the same side) or contralateral (opposite side).
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