This is Session 2 of LIVE Online Class of Five Kingdom Classification of ICSE Class 9 Biology. In this session, Trisika Ma'am will teach you Five Kingdom Classification. The topics that are going to be covered in this session are :


🐜5 Kingdom Classification

🐜Kingdom Monera

🐜Kingdom Protista

🐜Kingdom Fungi

🐜Kingdom Plantae


✔️00:00 - Introduction
✔️07:42 - Five kingdoms classification
✔️09:17 - Monera
✔️14:48 - Protista
✔️28:00 - Plant kingdom
✔️34:20 - Outro


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Five Kingdom Classification


Important terms:
Species–A species is an organism of a particular kind whose members can interbreed among themselves to produce fertile young ones. It is the basic unit of classification.
Classification–the process of grouping similar things into groups or categories on the basis of similarities and differences.


Grouping of Organisms:
Organisms are grouped from less complex to more complex and from less similarity to increasing similarity. All individuals of a species can interbreed. Offspring obtained by breeding individuals of different species have been found to be sterile e.g. mule is the sterile offspring of donkey and horse.


Kingdom classification:
According to Linnaeus, all organisms were classified into 2 categories: Animals and Plants. This classification was discarded because: Bacteria and fungi are not true plants but were classified with plants. Euglena, Chlamydomonas have chloroplasts and some animal’s features also.


Porifera:
Simplest multicellular animals with perforated bodies.
The body consists of a tube or tubular structures.
Cannot move-attached to the spot.
Holes all over body leading into canal system.
Canal system circulates water throughout body and brings in food and oxygen.
Hard exoskeleton.
Minimal differentiation into tissues.
Mainly found in marine habitat.
E.g. Sycon. Coelenterate (Cnidaria):
Aquatic animals with body cavity filled with mesoglea.
Radial symmetry.
Body made of 2 layers of cells-epidermis and endodermis.
Fixed or free living, live in colonies or alone.
E.g. Hydra, sea anemone, jellyfish.


Worms (Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida):
The body is cylindrical and divided into ring-like segments. In each segment, there is a representation of different organ systems.
Found in a variety of habitats such as freshwater and marine water. They also inhabit land in burrows.


Arthropoda:
Largest group of animals seen in all habitats.
Bilaterally symmetrical, segmented.
Open circulatory system-no blood vessels, coelomic cavity filled with blood and called haemocoel.
Have jointed limbs, one pair each on some or on all body segments.
Terrestrial or freshwater or marine.
Have an exoskeleton made of chitin. They cast off their exoskeleton during growth in early life, which is regrown.
Prawns, flies and all other insects, butterflies, spiders, ticks, mites, crabs and scorpions.


Mollusca:
Bilateral symmetry, little segmentation.
Have a soft, unsegmented body without appendages, with a hard, calcareous shell to protect the soft body.
Open circulatory system, kidney-like organs for excretion.
Muscular foot for movement.
Reduced coelom.
Mostly aquatic, while some are found in moist soil.
Snails, mussels.

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