Mirza Abu Zafar Sirajuddin Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar (Urdu: ابو ظفر سراجُ الدین محمد بہادر شاہ ظفر, 24 October 1775 – 7 November 1862), also known as Bahadur Shah Zafar (Urdu: بہادر شاہ ظفر), was the last Mughal emperor and a member of the Timurid dynasty. He was the son of Akbar II and Lal Bai, a Hindu Rajput. He became the Mughal emperor when his father died on 28 September 1837. He used Zafar, a part of his name, meaning “victory”, for his nom de plume (takhallus) as an Urdu poet, and he wrote many Urdu ghazals under it. Following his involvement in the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British tried and then exiled him from Delhi and sent him to Yangon in British-controlled Burma.
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