Bench pressing can potentially contribute to a winged scapula due to specific muscle engagement patterns during the exercise. In the bench press, the scapulae are intentionally retracted (pulled back) and pinned down against the bench. This positioning is crucial for stability and power during the press but has the unintended effect of underutilizing the serratus anterior muscle. The serratus anterior, primarily active during the end range of pushing motions, plays a vital role in keeping the scapula flush against the rib cage.

However, in bench pressing, since the end range of scapular protraction (where the serratus anterior is most active) is not reached, this muscle can become underdeveloped relative to other muscles involved in the movement. Over time, this imbalance can lead to a weakened serratus anterior that is less effective in performing its role of stabilizing the scapula against the rib cage. Consequently, this can result in the scapula protruding away from the back, a condition known as a winged scapula. This winging indicates a functional imbalance and can lead to reduced shoulder stability and an increased risk of injury.

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